お知らせ
2022-05-24 16:13:00
Hi everyone,
How's study going?
Some of you may like to brush up on Causative and Causative Passive verb conjugations.
Please have a look at the attached :)
In Japanese grammar, Causative means both to make and to let somebody or something do something.
You need to figure out whether the subject is forcing or permitting / allowing purely by the context.
For example,
父親が子供に宿題をさせます。
This sentence most likely means, The father makes his child do his homework.
父親が子供にゲームをさせます。
This sentence most likely means, The father lets his child play the video game.
But, it can technically mean either way really...It is not crystal clear whether the subject is forcing or permitting / allowing.
However, somehow, Japanese people are inclined to think that the father is forcing the child rather than permitting /allowing in both contexts.
This is probably because as they know that it is not clear enough, when they like to express to permit and to allow, they emphasize it.
You pick a verb, conjugate it to Causative, conjugate it to Te Form and then add あげます or くれます.
For example,
父親が子供にゲームをさせてあげます。
This sentence definitely means, The father lets his child play the video game.
父が私にゲームをさせてくれます。
This sentence definitely means, My father lets me play the video game.
Whereas Causative Passive only means to be made to do something by somebody or something.
It is clear that the subject is being forced.
For example,
子供が父親に宿題をさせられます。
This sentence means, The child is made to do his homework by his father.
子供が父親にゲームをさせられます。
This sentence means, The child is made to play the video game by his father.
If you like to express to be permitted / allowed to do something by somebody or something, you need to take a slightly different approach.
You pick a verb, conjugate it to Causative, conjugate it to Te Form and then add もらいます.
For example,
子供が父親にゲームをさせてもらいます。
This sentence means, The child is permitted / allowed to play the video game by his father.
These grammars first appear in N4 and continue into N3.
Most people seem to struggle with organising the ideas or using them in their spontaneous speech so we thought we should explain to you the basic ideas in English also :)
Please double check with your teacher(s) in your next lesson and if you have other grammars that you need further clarification for, please email it to us or leave a comment please.
Good luck!
Masa on behalf of Team Asao
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